It is one of the complex surgeries that are performed for several reasons and conditions. Pancreatectomy is a rather dangerous operation, due to the high risk of complications during and after surgery.

The complications of pancreatectomy are as follows:

• A bacterial infection in the incision area or inside the abdomen, which leads to abscesses within the abdominal cavity.
• Severe bleeding from the areas on which the surgical procedure is applied.
• Delayed gastric emptying.
• Bile leakage into the abdominal cavity.
• Acute pancreatitis may occur if it is not completely removed.
• Pancreatic fistula.
• Biliary hemorrhage (Hemobilia).
• Having diabetes.
• Additional surgical procedure may be required.
• Accidental injuries to nearby organs such as the spleen or small intestine may occur, and this has been observed in infants.
• Functional bowel obstruction , or bile duct stenosis, can occur in children. 
• Bacterial pneumonia (Pneumonia).
• Heart problems may lead to a heart attack .
• Other complications from a blood transfusion may occur , such as an allergic reaction or sepsis.
• Death.

It is worth noting the need to resort to a doctor when one or a group of these complications appears, and the doctor’s instructions must be followed to avoid these complications.

Types of pancreatectomy

Pancreatectomy is a complex operation that requires highly experienced and specialized people to perform, as many studies have shown that the possibility of complications arising from pancreatectomy is less when it is performed by highly skilled and experienced people.

In fact, a pancreatectomy may be performed to remove the entire pancreatic organ or the head of the pancreas and part of the duodenum, or it may require removal of nearby organs; such as the bile duct, gallbladder, and spleen; And in the event of damage, especially in cases of the spread of cancerous tumors.

In general, there are several techniques for performing a pancreatectomy. Choosing the appropriate method for performing the operation depends on many factors that may be determined by the specialist doctor, and these methods include the following:

1. Laparoscopic surgery

Laparoscopic surgery is one of the minimally invasive techniques, and the risk of complications is relatively low during and after its procedure.

2. Open surgery

The Whipple procedure, with open surgery, is the most common, although it is more invasive and risky.

3. Robotic surgery

It is the least invasive procedure compared to other methods, as the procedure for this operation depends on the use of a mechanical device similar to a robot (robot) and is controlled by a specialized surgeon.

Reasons for a pancreatectomy

A pancreatectomy is a treatment step to treat many conditions or problems that affect the pancreas or the organs around it.

Here are some examples of these conditions:

• Chronic pancreatitis .
• Pancreatic glandular cysts.
• Benign pancreatic tumors.
• Pancreatic cancer .
• Small bowel cancer.
• bile duct cancer .
• Neuroendocrine tumors .
• Benign or malignant tumors of the ductal glands of the pancreas.
• Ampullary cancer, which is cancer that affects the part that connects the pancreatic duct and the bile duct, which is called the ampulla of vater.
• Injury to the small intestine or pancreas.

source : wikipedia