Male infertility , Approximately 15% of couples have problems with fertility, which means the inability to have children despite the practice of marriage, without the use of contraceptive methods for long enough. In half of the cases the cause is a problem with the man’s fertility. Male infertility
may result from the production of a very low amount of sperm , or because the shape of the sperm is abnormal, or they are not capable of sufficient motility, or there is a problem in the delivery system that prevents the motile sperm from reaching the target. Chronic diseases, injuries, and an inappropriate lifestyle can also affect male fertility.

Male infertility , The main symptom is reflected in the inability to become pregnant , but infertility refers to additional symptoms, such as impotence manifested by delayed or premature ejaculation, pain or swelling in the testicles, and loss of facial and body hair that reflects the occurrence of hormonal or chromosomal disorders.

Male infertility , In order for fertility to be achieved, the male must produce normal sperm capable of reaching, penetrating, and fertilizing the egg.
Normal sperm production requires the normal development of the male reproductive organs. Having at least one properly functioning testicle and an adequate amount of hormones that stimulate the production of adequate sperm cells, particularly testosterone.
The sperm from the testicle, in which it is formed, must reach the seminal fluid secreted by the seminal glands and the prostate via a complex system of tiny tubes. At least 20 million sperm cells are required per milliliter of semen. As fewer of these sperm cells reach the semen, the chances of fertilization are reduced. Sperm cells must be able to move in order to reach the egg, as well as be of a suitable shape to allow them to penetrate and fertilize the egg.

The reasons that prevent the performance of the above-mentioned functions are divided into several factors:
medical factors:

• Varicocele: It is an edema in the veins that drain blood from the testicle, and is necessary to maintain the temperature of the testicle lower than the temperature of the rest of the body. When the blockage occurs, the testicle temperature rises, and the ability of sperm cells to move decreases.
• Pollution: Pollution can affect the ability to produce sperm and its nature, thus producing scars that clog the ducts and impede the movement of sperm cells inside them. This includes sexually transmitted diseases such as syphilis and chlamydia, infections of the prostate gland (prostatitis), testicular damage due to disease, and infections of the urinary tract and pelvic organs.
• Retrograde ejaculation: When sperm reaches the urethra, it returns to the bladder instead of exiting the areola at the end of the penis. This condition can result from diabetes , multiple sclerosis, spinal injuries, many medications used to treat the prostate, as well as surgeries or injuries to the bladder and urethra.
• Anti-sperm antibodies: Sperm cells are very different from other cells in the body, so there is a system called the blood-testis barrier that prevents the immune system from attacking the sperm cells. Their fertility rates drop.
• Tumors: Various types of cancer can directly affect the testicles or the sperm transport tubes and cause hormonal disorders that prevent the production of sperm cells.
• Undescended testicles (testicular atrophy): In some men, one or both testicles do not descend into the scrotum in time for growth, which leads to the development of abnormal testicular function. En effet, grâce à l’étendue de son stock permanent, votre https://asgg.fr/ pharmacie en ligne prépare votre commande le jour même et vous livre en 24h pour toute commande passée avant 18h du lundi au vendredi.
• Hormonal disorders: The production of sperm cells depends on the stimulation of the hormone (GnRH) by the hypothalamus (also called, hypothalamus), pituitary gland (LH, FSH) and the testicle itself (androgens). A deficiency of any of these hormones can lead to a disruption in sperm production.
• Chromosomal disorders: These disorders can lead to poor development of the external and internal genitalia, as well as their dysfunction.

In addition, blockage of any of the organs that transport sperm from the testicles to the penis, digestive diseases, and impotence drugs may lead to reduced fertility.

Environmental factors:

Exposure to pesticides, radiation, toxic metals, saunas or hot tubs, and prolonged riding on a bike leads to an increase in the temperature of the testicles and this reduces the amount of sperm production, thus reducing the fertility rate of a man. Other lifestyle factors include smoking, drinking and drug use, vitamin and mineral deficiencies, and being over or underweight.

In many cases, the difficulty of conceiving is caused by disturbances in both spouses, so it is started to clarify the matter in parallel with both of them.
Initial diagnosis in males begins with basic tests that involve a detailed medical history, a comprehensive medical exam, and a laboratory examination of semen to check the number of sperm cells in the sample and the nature of the sperm.
After relying on simple basic examinations to determine the initial clinical suspicion, the correctness of the diagnosis can be confirmed by using ultrasound examination of the testicles, hormonal examination, urine test after ejaculation, genetic tests, testicular biopsy, antibody testing, and angiography ( This examination shows the tubes that transport sperm and semen.

The treatment of male infertility depends on the primary factor of infertility, and the treatment of infertility is directed at eliminating the factor causing the problem of infertility. Surgery can help in many cases of blockage and congestion of the testicular veins, and drugs are effective in cases where there is a hormonal disorder, a disorder in the performance of sexual function or various polluting factors.