Muscle spasm is a sudden and painful event reflects the involuntary contraction of the muscle one or more, can appear pain during rest and cause waking up from sleep or to appear during the exercise of physical activity and cause difficulty in performing this task.

Muscle spasms may occur after intense physical activity, especially in hot weather. This condition is not dangerous and the patient can be helped by means available at home without the need for medical assistance.

The most common symptoms of muscle spasm are acute and sudden muscle pain associated with muscle spasm and spasm. In cases where the spasm occurs at a high frequency and causes an unbearable feeling of discomfort, and when it is not related to physical activity, it is preferable to consult a doctor.

One of the most important causes of muscle cramps is overuse of the muscles or even just staying in the same position for a long time, and the chances of muscle cramps are exacerbated by dehydration and hot weather.

There are a number of medical conditions that cause muscle spasms and it is important to diagnose them:

1. Lack of blood supply

The  narrowing of the blood vessels that supply the extremities with blood leads to not receiving the amount of blood that the muscles need during exercise, and this deficiency is immediately reflected in excruciating pain that disappears after taking a sufficient rest, during which the muscle requirements for energy decrease, and thus the muscles get after rest what Enough blood.

This disorder is called intermittent claudication and is an indication of a narrowing of the blood vessels in the body.

2. Pressure on the nerve

The pressure usually occurs at the point where the nerve exits from the pelvic spinal cord and causes cramping-like pain in the legs. The pain is characterized by being persistent all the time. It can also be exacerbated by walking or activity, and can be affected by changes in the comfort of the back.

3. Disorders of the body’s mineral balance

Deficiencies in potassium, calcium and magnesium can increase the risk of muscle cramps , as some antihypertensive medications can cause a significant decrease in potassium concentration , resulting in frequent muscle cramps.

4. Other reasons

Muscle spasms can be caused by:

• Neurological disorders.
• Thyroid dysfunction .
• Kidney problems.
• Having diabetes.
• Anemia.

Complications include the following:

• Chronic muscle spasms.
• muscle contraction;
• muscle pain;
• Permanent nerve damage due to compression.
• Low quality of life.

Spasticity is diagnosed by symptoms or by a physical exam and seeing hardened, raised muscle tissue under the skin.

Treatment is as follows:

• A tightening of the sore muscle and a light massage.
• Use a cool, wet washcloth to relieve muscle tension .
• Local heating of the muscle, or taking a hot bath, may relieve pain and help treat muscle spasms.
• Take or apply muscle relaxants, but under the supervision of a doctor.

Muscle spasms can be prevented by the following:

1. Drink enough water

It is important to know that to prevent muscle spasm it is important to maintain fluid balance in the body, so you should drink water before, during and after exercise, as drinking the amount of drinking water required for a person varies according to:

• Age.
• sex.
• body weight.
• weather condition.
• the food he eats.
• General health status.
• medication he needs.

2. Muscle tightening

The process of stretching the muscle before and after muscle activity reduces the chances of developing cramps, as cramps can be prevented during sleep by stretching the muscle before bedtime, or alternatively, a simple physical activity can be performed for several minutes, a step that has shown its effectiveness in reducing night cramps.